Economia americană a creat doar 210.000 de locuri de muncă, în noiembrie

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Economia Statelor Unite a creat doar 210.000 de locuri de muncă în luna noiembrie, iar numărul noilor angajări din octombrie a fost revizuit pozitiv cu 15.000 la 546.000, potrivit datelor publicate vineri de Departamentul Muncii din SUA. Conform raportului, climatul din piaţa forţei de muncă a continuat tendinţa de ameliorare însă ritmul noilor angajări a fost cu mult sub aşteptările economiştilor de pe Wall Street.

Aceasta a fost a unsprezecea lună consecutivă de creştere a angajărilor din economia americană şi a zecea la rând cu mai mult de 100.000 de locuri de muncă noi. Evoluţia din noiembrie a fost sub estimările iniţiale de la începutul săptămânii şi de asemenea mult sub cele 534.000 de noi locuri de muncă raportate miercuri de procesatorul american de date ADP pentru luna noiembrie. Analiştii estimau 550.000 de noi locuri de muncă în noiembrie.

Raportul de vineri şi revizuirea operată pentru cifrele pe luna octombrie a ridicat totalul locurilor de muncă generate de economia americană în lunile scurse până acum din cel de-al patrulea trimestru din acest an la peste 0,75 milioane. În cel de-al treilea trimestru au avut loc 1,72 milioane de noi angajări în SUA, 1,7 milioane în trimestrul al doilea şi 1,55 milioane în primul trimestru. Rata noilor angajări din luna noiembrie se situează astfel sub media anului 2021, raportul fiind cel mai slab din decembrie 2020 încoace.

Trebuie notat totuşi că revizuirile din rapoartele ultimelor luni au fost foarte mari şi există aşteptarea ca inclusiv datele pe noiembrie să fie revizuite pozitiv când va fi publicat raportul pe luna decembrie.

Câştigul salarial orar din SUA a urcat în ritm lunar cu 0,3%, după un avans de 0,4% în octombrie şi 0,6% în septembrie, contribuind la creşterea anuală de 4,8% înregistrată la finele lui noiembrie 2021. Numărul orelor lucrate săptămânal a urcat la 34,8 de la 34,7 în octombrie.

Nivelul populaţiei ocupate a dat semne pozitive urcând la 61,8% – cel mai ridicat nivel de la începutul pandemiei – de la 61,6% în octombrie, în timp ce rata şomajului a scăzut puternic la 4,2% de la 4,6% în octombrie, 4,8% în septembrie şi 5,2% în august. Analiştii estimau o scădere la 4,5%.

Totodată, rata şomajului U6 a coborât la 7,8% de la 8,3% în octombrie, 8,5% în septembrie şi 8,8% în august, ceea ce arată că piaţa muncii din SUA încă are de recuperat circa 5 milioane de locuri de muncă faţă de nivelul din ianuarie 2020. Locurile de muncă disponibile se aflau în preajma maximelor istorice la finalul lunii noiembrie, la un nivel de 10,4 milioane.

Jerome Powell, preşedintele Rezervei Federale a SUA (Fed), a anunţat săptămâna trecută că guvernatorii băncii centrale a SUA vor discuta la şedinţa regulată de la mijlocul lunii accelerarea ritmului de reducere a injecţiilor lunare de lichiditate pentru a oferi mai multă flexibilitate în condiţiile în care inflaţia dă semne de accelerare şi ar putea fi necesare majorări de dobândă încă din cel de-al doilea trimestru al anului viitor. Oficialii Fed au atenţionat totuşi în ultimele săptămâni că nu se grăbesc să majoreze dobânzile aşteptând noi date care să arate mai clar dinamica economiei şi a pieţei muncii în condiţiile în care Fed-ul rămâne concentrat pe revenirea la ocuparea integrală a forţei de muncă.

Jeffrey Rosenberg, managerul de portofoliu de la Blackrock Systematic Multi-Strategy Fund, a afirmat la Bloomberg TV, după publicarea raportului privind piaţa muncii, că numărul headline mai mic al noilor angajări comparativ cu estimările din piaţă este cauzat de sezonalitatea pieţei muncii. Rosenberg a pus mai degrabă accent pe declinul ratelor de şomaj şi pe impactul în piaţa muncii a creşterii ratei de participare (nivelul populaţiei ocupate).

“Cred că datele fundamentale sunt mult mai puternice decât par”, a afimat Rosenberg.

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